Klebsiella pneumoniae diseases

As a result of numerous research, found that Klebsiella pneumoniae are more resistant to antibiotics than E. coli. Discharge from the blood, purulent exudate, and urine are much more serious epidemiological and prognostic significance.

K. pneumoniae - is encapsulated gram-negative bacteria which are found among the normal microflora of the mouth or intestines. Klebsiella are a relative of the bacteria genus Serratia and Enterobacter genus and can be differentiated only by special amino acid dekarboksilaznyh samples. In addition to the methods of differentiation of the genera Klebsiella, Enterobacter, and Serratia by biochemical activity should be noted that representatives of the strain of Klebsiella usually immobile and form on the surface of solid nutrient medium large slimy colonies, whereas for other species characteristic of mobility. Moreover, strains of Klebsiella may vary based on type-specific capsular antigens, identified more than 75 capsular types. There is little evidence to suggest that certain types are more virulent than others, and the main task of the capsular typing of Klebsiella - clarification of the epidemiology of nosocomial outbreaks in the role of infection.

Klebsiella can cause disease in different anatomic sites. However, the results of clinical and epidemiological researches suggest that among these genera of microorganisms may be differences in degree of pathogenicity and their exact taxonomic identification has a certain value. Despite the fact that in the past C. pneumoniae infection were allocated mainly respiratory, currently most isolated from clinical material strains are detected and urinary tract infections. Clinical manifestations and pathogenesis of these infections are similar to those in infections caused by Escherichia coli, Klebsiella but more often found in patients with complicated and obstructive lesions of the urinary tract. Frequent and infections of the biliary tract, abdominal cavity, middle ear, mastoid, paranasal sinuses, soft meninges. In these locales Klebsiella detected more frequently than Enterobacter or Serratia, and is likely to cause more severe disease. Undoubtedly increased incidence of diseases caused by Serratia, primarily due to the spread of nosocomial infection. Escherichia often play a role as the main etiological factor in the development of outbreaks of nosocomial bacteremia caused by contaminated intravenous fluids.

Symptoms and signs of infection, usually caused by Klebsiella, particularly urinary tract infections, biliary tract and abdominal cavity, no different from the symptoms of infections caused by Escherichia coli. They usually develop in patients with diabetes, as well as in the form of super-infection observed in patients treated with antimicrobial drugs, which is resistant pathogen. Klebsiella is also an important etiological factor of septic shock. Serratia and Enterobacter - almost exclusively nosocomial pathogens. These microorganisms are involved as pathogenic agents in a variety of infections, most commonly in pneumonia, urinary tract infections and bacteremia.